Multiple wedging tool assembly



JulyZ, 1940. H. M. SHERIDAN MULTIPLE WEDGING TOOL ASSEMBLY Filed March 22,, 1938 A T ORNEY Patented July 2, 1940 MULTIPLE WEDGING 'rooL ASSEMBLY Henry M. Sheridan, Painesville, Ohio, assignor to The Apex T001 & {Cutter Company, Inc., a corporation of Connecticut Application March 22, 1928, Serial No. 197,421; I

2 Claims. (01. 29-105 l The present invention relatesto improvements in means for locking the blade or blades of insertedblade cutting tools firmly and securely in the body holder or member. It has for its primary object to provide ablade lock fortheblades of a cutting-tool suchas rotary cutter or lathe tool in such manner asto eliminate auxiliary locking devices, e. g., pins, setscrews etc, and theirattendant disadvantages without a sacrifice to strength or rigidity in the assembled tool.

In view of the extreme amount of wear to which tools of this type are subjected, it has been found practical to makethe cutting blades removable from the main supporting structure upon which they are carried. The blades, by being thus removable, may be replaced by new blades or may be re-sharpened in an adjusted position to maintain the original overall dimension of the cutting-tool. Also by making the blades separate from the supporting body member, the materials may be economically and efficiently used in accordance with the functions to beperformed by the various elements of the cutting-tool. The modern cutting-tool of the type disclosed herein ordinarily includes a body portion made of mild steel, which is strong and tough and comparatively inexpensive. The inserted teeth, however, are of an entirely different material and are designed to resist the wear and strains to which they are subjected by being brought into contact with the part to be machined. Such blades are, therefore, usually made 1 of whatis known as high speed steel and the material therein is much more expensive than the material in the body portion.

One of the essential objects of the invention is to provide a cutting-tool wherein the cutting elements are capable of being adjusted with respect to the body of the tool and may be readily and positively held immovable in such adjusted positions.

For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the with the-attached drawing.

Figure 1 is a side view in elevation of a rotary cutter showing the cutting blades assembled therein.

50 Figure 2 is an end elevation thereof looking wedge shown in Figure 5;

following description and claims in connection Figured is an end elevationo-fl igure 34' Figure 5 is an elevation of the opposite side of the blade shown in Figure 3;

Figure 6 is an end elevation of the blade and Figure Tis a top plan of, the blade and wedge shown in Figure 3; and

Figure 8 is a bottom plan of the blade and wedge shown in Figure 5. 3

The present inventionjis characterized by a 10 blade; a wedge and a blade and wedge slot, the

coacting surfaces of which are so slanted as to provide multiple wedging action so as tosecure theblade againstmovement with respect to its holder; serrations may be provided between the 15 coacting surfaces to provide an enhanced secured relation therebetween.

By referring to the drawing, the numeral It] represents a tool holding body of the milling cutter type, although the invention is not specifically 20 confined to such holders. The body I0 is provided with a plurality of radial tool and wedge receiving apertures each of which have both side walls slanted outwardly from each other from the periphery inward, thus to form a slot of greater 2!! width at the bottomthan at the periphery. The slots are shown as having a center line at an anglefrom a radius of the cutter and such an angle maybe omitted or may vary with specific choice of the manufacturer. The side walls of 30 the slot also diverge, the rear side of the slot being narrower than the front or cutting side. Thus a cross-section transverse of the slot will render a plane, the ends of which arenot parallel,.and" no two such cross-sections will be of 35 equal length. Thus the slot may be described as tapering outwardly, at the bottom, and outwardly towards the front.

The cutter blade is indicated by the numeral. II and may be described as partakingof one 40 half of the radial slanting characteristics of the slot. That is, the sidewall, which will engage the side wall of the slot, is slanted outwardly towards the bottom and is parallel transversely with its opposite side wall. The opposite side is parallel with a plane taken perpendicularly through the center of the slot and does notpartake of the vertical slant of either side wall. Since the outer cutting edge of the top of the cutter is bevelled to provide a clearance angle, any cross-section through the cutter will depict a plane, two sides only of which are parallel and no two horizontal sections will be equal.

A wedge I2 is of similar but of opposite configuration with respect to the radial wedge section of the cutter l2. In addition, its outer face, which contacts the aperture wall, is slanted both vertically and transversely to conform thereto, but its inner face is, as is the inner face of the cutter, parallel to a plane passing through the center of the aperture. Its cross-sectional characteristics are thus similar to those of the cutter.

The coacting surfaces of the cutter and aperture are shownas vertically serrated, not only to insure their securement but also to provide a step-by-step transverse adjustment of the blade with respect to the holder. faces between the cutter and wedge are also preferably serrated, or roughened, to insure frictional locking therebetween. If desired, the coacting surfaces between the wedge and the slot could also be serrated.

As indicated in the drawings, the blade and wedge are assembled with their larger edges downward in the slot, thus to combine to fill the tapering slot and thus to preclude outward movement therefrom. They are further assembled with their thinner ends rearwardly of the slot so they combine also to form a joint rearwardly tapering assembly conforming to the rearward taper of the slot.

The coacting sur- I now consider to represent the best embodiment for carrying out my invention, but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus, as shown, is only illustrative thereof and. that changes may be made without departing from the scope of my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

g 1. In a multibladed milling cutter, a rotary body having a plurality of peripheral tool and wedge receiving apertures, the bottom of each of which lies at an angle to the axis of the cutter body and which are of greater width at the bottom than at the outer edge and of greater width at one transverse end than at another and tool and wedge assemblies therein, comprising a tapered'tool and a tapered wedge their compound cross-section conforming to the cross-section of the apertures both vertically and transversely,

' the cooperating surfaces of the tool. and aperture having serrations thereon.

2. In a multibladed milling cutter, a rotary body having a plurality of peripheral tool and wedge receiving apertures, the bottom of each of which lies at an angle to the axis of the cutter body and which are of greater width at the bottom than atthe outer edge and of greater width at one transverse end than at another and tool and wedge assemblies therein, comprising a tapered tool and a tapered wedge their compound cross-section conforming to the cross-section of the apertures both vertically and transversely, the cooperating surfaces of the tool and aperture having vertical serrations thereon.

HENRY M. SHERIDAN. 

